Radioactive Decays: Alpha, Beta, Gamma

A radioactive nucleus ${}^{A}_{Z}X$ undergoes spontaneous decay in the sequence

${}^{A}_{Z}X \rightarrow {}^{\square}_{Z-1}B \rightarrow {}^{\square}_{Z-3}C \rightarrow {}^{\square}_{Z-2}D$ where $Z$ is the atomic number of element. The possible decay particles in the sequence are

In transition 'a', three $\alpha$ particles and two $\beta$ particles are emitted in succession from the element ${}_{86}X^{226}$. In transition 'b', two gamma rays, one $\beta$ particle and two $\alpha$ particles are emitted in succession from element ${}_{96}Y^{236}$. The atomic number and the mass number of the new elements formed respectively are

A radioactive element ${}^{242}_{92}\text{X}$ emits two $\alpha$ particles, one electron and two positrons. The product nucleus is represented by ${}^{234}_{P}\text{Y}$. The value of $P$ is

A radioactive element A decays into radioactive element C by the following processes in succession.

$\text{A} \rightarrow \text{B} + {}_{2}\text{He}^{4};\ \text{B} \rightarrow \text{C} + 2\text{e}^{-}$ Then elements

${}_{88}\text{Ra}^{226}$ is converted into ${}_{82}\text{Pb}^{206}$ by emission of alpha ( $\alpha$) and beta ( $\beta$) particles. The number of alpha and beta particles emitted are respectively

Choose the correct nuclear process from the below options [ p: proton, n: neutron, $\text{e}^{-}$: electron, $\text{e}^{+}$: positron, $v :$ neutrino, $\bar{v} :$ antineutrino]

Select the correct statements among the following:

A. Slow neutrons can cause fission in ${}^{235}_{92}\text{U}$ than fast neutrons.

B. $\alpha$-rays are Helium nuclei.

C. $\beta$-rays are fast moving electrons or positrons.

D. $\gamma$-rays are electromagnetic radiations of wavelengths larger than $\text{X}$-rays.

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

${}^{290}_{82}X \xrightarrow{\alpha} Y \xrightarrow{e^{+}} Z \xrightarrow{\beta^{-}} P \xrightarrow{e^{-}} Q$

In the nuclear emission stated above, the mass number and atomic number of the product $Q$ respectively, are

In the uranium radioactive series, the initial nucleus is ${}^{238}_{92}\text{U}$ and that the final nucleus is ${}^{206}_{82}\text{Pb}$. When uranium nucleus decays into lead, the number of $\alpha$-particles and $\beta$-particles emitted are

In the given reaction

${}_{z}\text{X}^{A} \rightarrow {}_{z+1}\text{Y}^{A} \rightarrow {}_{z-1}\text{K}^{A-4} \rightarrow {}_{z-1}\text{K}^{A-4}$

radioactive radiations are emitted in the sequence

Consider the following radioactive decay process

${}^{218}_{84}A \xrightarrow{\alpha} A_{1} \xrightarrow{\beta^{-}} A_{2} \xrightarrow{\gamma} A_{3} \xrightarrow{\alpha} A_{4} \xrightarrow{\beta^{+}} A_{5} \xrightarrow{\gamma} A_{6}$

The mass number and the atomic number of A${}_{6}$ are given by:

A radioactive element ${}^{242}_{92}$X emits two $\alpha$-particles, one electron and two positrons. The product nucleus is represented by ${}^{234}_{\text{P}}$Y. The value of P is __________.

A free neutron decays into a proton but a free proton does not decay into neutron. This is because

An isotope of the original nucleus can be formed in a radioactive decay, with the emission of following particles.

In the following nuclear reaction,

$D \xrightarrow{\alpha} D_{1} \xrightarrow{\beta^{-}} D_{2} \xrightarrow{\alpha} D_{3} \xrightarrow{\gamma} D_{4}$

Mass number of D is 182 and atomic number is 74. Mass number and atomic number of D4 respectively will be _________.

How many alpha and beta particles are emitted when Uranium 92U238 decays to lead 82Pb206?

The decay of a proton to neutron is:

A radioactive nucleus

${}_{Z}^{A}X \rightarrow {}_{Z-1}B \rightarrow {}_{Z-3}C \rightarrow {}_{Z-2}D$,

where Z is the atomic number of element X. The possible decay particles in the sequence are:

What happens to the mass number and atomic number of an element when it emits $\gamma$-radiation?

A radioactive nucleus emits $4\alpha$-particles and $7\beta$-particles in succession. The ratio of number of neutrons of that of protons, is [$A =$ mass number, $Z =$ atomic number]

Given the masses of various atomic particles

mp = 1.0072 u, mn = 1.0087 u, me = 0.000548 u,

$m_{\bar{v}}$ = 0, md = 2.0141 u, where p $\equiv$ proton, n $\equiv$ neutron,

e $\equiv$ electron, $\bar{v} \equiv$ antineutrino and d $\equiv$ deuteron. Which of the following process is allowed by momentum and energy conservation?

$\alpha$-particle consists of:

In a radioactive decay chain, the initial nucleus is ${}^{232}_{90}$Th. At the end there are 6 $\alpha$-particles and 4 $\beta$-particles which are emitted. If the end nucleus is ${}^{A}_{Z}$X, A and Z are given by:

Both the nucleus and the atom of some element are in their respective first excited states. They get de-excited by emitting photons of wavelengths $\lambda_N,\ \lambda_A$ respectively. The ratio $\frac{\lambda_N}{\lambda_A}$ is closest to:

$\alpha$-particles, $\beta$-particles and $\gamma$-rays are all having same energy. Their penetrating power in a given medium in increasing order will be

Assume that a neutron breaks into a proton and an electron. The energy released during this process is: (mass of neutron $= 1.6725 \times 10^{-27}\text{ kg},$ mass of proton $= 1.6725 \times 10^{-27}\text{ kg},$ mass of electron $= 9 \times 10^{-31}\text{ kg}$ ).

A nucleus ${}^{m}_{n}X$ emits one $\alpha$ particle and two $\beta$ particles. The resulting nucleus is

A radioactive nucleus (initial mass number $A$ and atomic number $Z$ emits $3\alpha$- particles and $2$ positrons. The ratio of number of neutrons to that of protons in the final nucleus will be

In the nuclear decay given below

${}^{A}_{Z}X \rightarrow {}^{A}_{Z+1}Y \rightarrow {}^{A-4}_{Z-1}B^{*} \rightarrow {}^{A-4}_{Z-1}B,$

the particles emitted in the sequence are

The number of beta particles emitted by a radioactive substance is twice the number of alpha particles emitted by it. The resulting daughter is an

In gamma ray emission from a nucleus

In a radioactive decay process, the negatively charged emitted $\beta$-particles are

The energy spectrum of $\beta$-particles [ number $N(E)$ as a function of $\beta$-energy $E$ ] emitted from a radioactive source is

The intensity of gamma radiation from a given source is $\text{I}$. On passing through $36\text{ mm}$ of lead, it is reduced to $\frac{\text{I}}{8}.$ The thickness of lead which will reduce the intensity to $\frac{\text{I}}{2}$ will be

Which of the following radiations has the least wavelength?

Which of the following cannot be emitted by radioactive substances during their decay?

A nuclear reaction given by

ZXA $\rightarrow$ z+1YA + $-$1e0 + $\bar{v}$ represents

A nucleus with $Z = 92$ emits the following in a sequence:

$\alpha, \beta^{-}, \beta^{-}, \alpha, \alpha, \alpha, \alpha, \alpha, \beta^{-}, \beta^{-}, \alpha, \beta^{+}, \beta^{+}, \alpha$

Then $Z$ of the resulting nucleus is

At a specific instant emission of radioactive compound is deflected in a magnetic field. The compound can emit

$(i)\ \textit{electrons}\quad (ii)\ \textit{protons}$

$(iii)\ He^{2+}\quad (iv)\ \textit{neutrons}$

The emission at instant can be

Which rays contain (positive) charged particles?

Alpha particles are

In one $\alpha$ and $2\beta$-emissions

A nucleus ${}_{n}X^{m}$ emits one $\alpha$ and two $\beta$ particles. The resulting nucleus is

The most penetrating radiation out of the following are

What is the respective number of $\alpha$ and $\beta$ particles emitted in the following radioactive decay? ${}^{200}X_{90} \rightarrow {}^{168}Y_{80}$

In the nuclear decay given below

${}^{A}_{Z}X \rightarrow {}^{A}_{Z+1}Y \rightarrow {}^{A-4}_{Z-1}B^{*} \rightarrow {}^{A-4}_{Z-1}B,$

the particles emitted in the sequence are

The nucleus ${}_{6}\text{C}^{12}$ absorbs an energetic neutron and emits a beta particle ($\beta$). The resulting nucleus is

An element $A$ decays into element $C$ by a two step process

$A \rightarrow B + {}_{2}\text{He}^{4};\ B \rightarrow C + 2e^{-}$

Then

The nucleus ${}^{115}_{48}\text{Cd}$, after two successive $\beta$-decay will give